1. Uyini umoya? Uyini umoya ojwayelekile?
Impendulo: Umkhathi ozungeze umhlaba, sijwayele ukuwubiza ngokuthi umoya.
Umoya ongaphansi kwengcindezi ecacisiwe engu-0.1MPa, izinga lokushisa elingu-20°C, kanye nomswakama ohlobene ongu-36% umoya ojwayelekile. Umoya ojwayelekile uhlukile emoyeni ojwayelekile ngokushisa futhi uqukethe umswakama. Uma kukhona umhwamuko wamanzi emoyeni, uma umhwamuko wamanzi usuhlukanisiwe, ivolumu yomoya izoncishiswa.
2. Iyini incazelo ejwayelekile yesimo somoya?
Impendulo: Incazelo yesimo esijwayelekile yile: isimo somoya lapho ingcindezi yokumunca umoya ingu-0.1MPa kanti izinga lokushisa lingu-15.6°C (incazelo yemboni yasekhaya ingu-0°C) ibizwa ngokuthi isimo esijwayelekile somoya.
Esimweni esijwayelekile, ubuningi bomoya buyi-1.185kg/m3 (umthamo wokukhipha umoya we-compressor, umshini wokomisa, isihlungi kanye neminye imishini yokucubungula ngemuva kokucubungula uphawulwa yizinga lokugeleza esimweni esijwayelekile somoya, kanti iyunithi ibhalwa njenge-Nm3/min).
3. Uyini umoya ogcwele kanye nomoya ongagcwele?
Impendulo: Ezingeni lokushisa elithile kanye nengcindezi, okuqukethwe komhwamuko wamanzi emoyeni omanzi (okungukuthi, ubuningi bomhwamuko wamanzi) kunomkhawulo othile; lapho inani lomhwamuko wamanzi eliqukethwe ekushiseni okuthile lifinyelela okuqukethwe okuphezulu okungenzeka, umswakama ngalesi sikhathi Umoya ubizwa ngokuthi umoya ogcwele. Umoya omanzi ongenawo okuqukethwe okuphezulu okungenzeka komhwamuko wamanzi ubizwa ngokuthi umoya ongagcwali.
4. Kungaphansi kwaziphi izimo lapho umoya ongagcwali uba umoya ogcwele? Kuyini “ukufinyela”?
Ngesikhathi lapho umoya ongagcwali uphenduka umoya ogcwele, amaconsi amanzi acwebezelayo azohlangana emoyeni omanzi, okubizwa ngokuthi “ukujiya”. Ukujiya kuvamile. Isibonelo, umswakama womoya uphezulu ehlobo, futhi kulula ukwakha amaconsi amanzi ebusweni bepayipi lamanzi. Ekuseni kwasebusika, amaconsi amanzi azovela emafasiteleni engilazi ezakhamuzi. Lawa umoya omanzi opholile ngaphansi kwengcindezi engaguquki ukuze ufinyelele iphuzu lamazolo. Umphumela wokujiya ngenxa yokushisa.
5. Uyini umoya ocindezelwe? Yiziphi izici zawo?
Impendulo: Umoya ungacindezelwa. Umoya ngemva kwe-compressor yomoya wenza umsebenzi womshini ukuze wehlise ivolumu yawo futhi wandise ingcindezi yawo ubizwa ngokuthi umoya ocindezelwe.
Umoya ocindezelwe uwumthombo obalulekile wamandla. Uma uqhathaniswa neminye imithombo yamandla, unezici ezilandelayo ezisobala: ucacile futhi ucacile, kulula ukuwuthutha, awunazo izakhiwo eziyingozi ezikhethekile, futhi awunakungcoliswa noma ukungcola okuphansi, izinga lokushisa eliphansi, awunangozi yomlilo, awunakwesaba ukulayisha ngokweqile, uyakwazi ukusebenza ezindaweni eziningi ezimbi, kulula ukuwuthola, awunakuphela.
6. Yikuphi ukungcola okuqukethwe emoyeni ocindezelwe?
Impendulo: Umoya ocindezelwe okhishwa ku-compressor yomoya uqukethe ukungcola okuningi: ①Amanzi, okuhlanganisa inkungu yamanzi, umhwamuko wamanzi, amanzi ahlanganisiwe; ②Amafutha, okuhlanganisa amabala kawoyela, umhwamuko wamafutha; ③Izinto eziqinile ezahlukahlukene, njengodaka olugqwalile, impuphu yensimbi, irabha Amafine, izinhlayiya zetiyela, izinto zokuhlunga, amafine ezinto zokuvala, njll., ngaphezu kwezinto ezihlukahlukene eziyingozi ezinuka amakhemikhali.
7. Iyini uhlelo lomthombo womoya? Yiziphi izingxenye zalo?
Impendulo: Uhlelo olwakhiwe ngemishini ekhiqiza, icubungule futhi igcine umoya ocindezelwe lubizwa ngokuthi uhlelo lomthombo womoya. Uhlelo lomthombo womoya olujwayelekile luvame ukuba nezingxenye ezilandelayo: i-air compressor, i-rear cooler, i-filter (kufaka phakathi i-pre-filter, i-oil-water separator, i-pipeline filter, i-oil removal filter, i-deodorizing filter, amadivayisi okuhlunga abulala amagciwane, njll.), amathangi okugcina igesi azinzile, ama-dryer (aqandisiwe noma afakwe emanzini), ama-drainage kanye nama-sewage discharger azenzakalelayo, amapayipi egesi, ama-valve epayipi, amathuluzi, njll. Imishini engenhla ihlanganiswe ibe uhlelo lomthombo wegesi oluphelele ngokwezidingo ezahlukene zenqubo.
8. Yiziphi izingozi zokungcola emoyeni ocindezelwe?
Impendulo: Umoya ocindezelwe ovela ku-air compressor uqukethe ukungcola okuningi okuyingozi, ukungcola okuyinhloko yizinhlayiya eziqinile, umswakama kanye namafutha emoyeni.
Uwoyela wokugcoba ofakwe umswakama uzokwakha i-organic acid ukuze ugqwale imishini, wonakalise irabha, ipulasitiki, nezinto zokuvala, uvale imigodi emincane, ubangele ukungasebenzi kahle kwama-valve, futhi ungcolise imikhiqizo.
Umswakama ogcwele emoyeni ocindezelwe uzohlangana ube ngamanzi ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile futhi uqoqeke kwezinye izingxenye zesistimu. Lomswakama unomthelela wokugqwala ezingxenyeni nasemapayipini, okwenza izingxenye ezihambayo zibambeke noma ziguge, okubangela ukuthi izingxenye zomoya zingasebenzi kahle futhi zivuza umoya; ezindaweni ezibandayo, ukuqandisa umswakama kuzobangela ukuthi amapayipi aqande noma aqhekeke.
Ukungcola okufana nothuli emoyeni ocindezelwe kuzoguga izindawo ezihambayo zesilinda, injini yomoya kanye nevalvu yokubuyisela umoya emuva, okunciphisa impilo yesistimu.
9. Kungani umoya ocindezelwe kufanele uhlanzwe?
Impendulo: Njengoba nje uhlelo lwe-hydraulic lunezidingo eziphezulu zokuhlanzeka kukawoyela we-hydraulic, uhlelo lwe-pneumatic lunezidingo zekhwalithi ephezulu zomoya ocindezelwe.
Umoya okhishwa yi-air compressor awukwazi ukusetshenziswa ngqo yidivayisi yomoya. I-air compressor ihogela umoya oqukethe umswakama nothuli oluvela emkhathini, futhi izinga lokushisa lomoya ocindezelwe likhuphuka ngaphezu kuka-100°C, ngalesi sikhathi, uwoyela wokugcoba ku-air compressor nawo uphenduka kancane ube yisimo segesi. Ngale ndlela, umoya ocindezelwe okhishwa ku-air compressor uyigesi eshisa kakhulu equkethe uwoyela, umswakama nothuli. Uma lo moya ocindezelwe uthunyelwa ngqo ohlelweni lomoya, ukuthembeka nokuphila kwenkonzo kohlelo lomoya kuzoncishiswa kakhulu ngenxa yekhwalithi yomoya engeyinhle, futhi ukulahlekelwa okuvelayo kuvame ukudlula kakhulu izindleko zokulungisa kanye nokugcinwa kwedivayisi yokwelapha umthombo womoya, ngakho-ke ukukhetha okufanele Uhlelo lokwelapha umthombo womoya luyadingeka impela.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-07-2023
