Uhlelo lomoya olucindezelwe, ngomqondo omncane, lwakhiwe ngemishini yomthombo womoya, imishini yokuhlanza umthombo womoya kanye namapayipi ahlobene nawo. Ngomqondo obanzi, izingxenye ezisizayo zomoya, ama-actuator omoya, izingxenye zokulawula umoya, izingxenye ze-vacuum, njll. konke kungokwesigaba sohlelo lomoya olucindezelwe. Ngokuvamile, imishini yesiteshi se-air compressor iyisistimu yomoya ecindezelwe ngomqondo omncane. Isithombe esilandelayo sibonisa ishadi lokugeleza kwesistimu yomoya ecindezelwe evamile:
Imishini yomthombo womoya (i-air compressor) imunca emoyeni, icindezela umoya osesimweni semvelo uye emoyeni ocindezelwe ngokucindezela okuphezulu, futhi isuse umswakama, uwoyela nokunye ukungcola emoyeni ocindezelwe ngemishini yokuhlanza.
Umoya emvelweni wakhiwe yingxube yamagesi ahlukahlukene (O₂, N₂, CO₂…njll.), kanti umhwamuko wamanzi ungomunye wawo. Umoya oqukethe inani elithile lomhwamuko wamanzi ubizwa ngokuthi umoya omanzi, kanti umoya ongenawo umhwamuko wamanzi ubizwa ngokuthi umoya owomile. Umoya osizungezile ungumoya omanzi, ngakho-ke indawo yokusebenza ye-air compressor ingumoya omanzi ngokwemvelo.
Nakuba okuqukethwe komhwamuko wamanzi emoyeni omanzi kuncane kakhulu, okuqukethwe kwawo kunethonya elikhulu ezimpahleni zomzimba zomoya omanzi. Ohlelweni lokuhlanza umoya ocindezelwe, ukomiswa komoya ocindezelwe kungenye yezinto eziyinhloko.
Ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile zokushisa kanye nengcindezi, okuqukethwe komhwamuko wamanzi emoyeni omanzi (okungukuthi, ubuningi bomhwamuko wamanzi) kunqunyelwe. Ekushiseni okuthile, lapho inani lomhwamuko wamanzi eliqukethwe lifinyelela okuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu okungenzeka, umoya omanzi ngalesi sikhathi ubizwa ngokuthi umoya omanzi. Umoya omanzi ongenawo okuqukethwe okuphezulu kakhulu komhwamuko wamanzi ubizwa ngokuthi umoya ongagcwele.
Ngesikhathi lapho umoya ongagcwali uphenduka umoya ogcwele, amaconsi amanzi acwebezelayo azohlangana emoyeni omanzi, okubizwa ngokuthi “ukujiya”. Ukujiya kuvamile. Isibonelo, umswakama womoya uphezulu ehlobo, futhi kulula ukwakha amaconsi amanzi ebusweni bepayipi lamanzi. Ekuseni kwasebusika, amaconsi amanzi azovela emafasiteleni engilazi ezakhamuzi. Konke lokhu kwakheka ukupholisa komoya omanzi ngaphansi kwengcindezi engaguquki. Imiphumela ye-Lu.
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, izinga lokushisa lapho umoya ongagcwali ufinyelela khona ukugcwala kubizwa ngokuthi iphuzu lamazolo lapho ingcindezi engaphelele yomhwamuko wamanzi igcinwa ingaguquki (okungukuthi, okuqukethwe kwamanzi okuphelele kugcinwa kungaguquki). Lapho izinga lokushisa lehla liye ezingeni lokushisa lamazolo, kuzoba "nokujiya".
Iphuzu lamazolo lomoya omanzi alihlobene nje kuphela nokushisa, kodwa futhi lihlobene nenani lomswakama emoyeni omanzi. Iphuzu lamazolo liphezulu ngokuqukethwe kwamanzi amaningi, kanti iphuzu lamazolo liphansi ngokuqukethwe kwamanzi aphansi.
Izinga lokushisa le-dew point libaluleke kakhulu ekubunjweni kwe-compressor. Isibonelo, lapho izinga lokushisa lokukhipha le-compressor yomoya liphansi kakhulu, ingxube ye-oyela-gas izoqina ngenxa yokushisa okuphansi emgqonyeni we-oyela-gas, okuzokwenza uwoyela wokugcoba ube namanzi futhi kuthinte umphumela wokugcoba. Ngakho-ke. Izinga lokushisa lokukhipha le-compressor yomoya kumele lakhiwe ukuthi lingabi ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa le-dew point ngaphansi kwengcindezi engaphelele ehambisanayo.
Iphuzu lamazolo asemkhathini izinga lokushisa lamazolo ngaphansi kwengcindezi yomoya. Ngokufanayo, iphuzu lamazolo lokucindezela libhekisela ezingeni lokushisa lamazolo lomoya ocindezelayo.
Ubudlelwano obuhambisanayo phakathi kwephuzu lokucindezela kanye nephuzu lokucindezela elivamile buhlobene nesilinganiso sokucindezela. Ngaphansi kwephuzu lokucindezela elifanayo, lapho isilinganiso sokucindezela sikhulu, kulapho iphuzu lokucindezela elivamile elihambisanayo liphansi khona.
Umoya ocindezelwe ophuma kwi-compressor yomoya ungcolile. Izinto ezingcolisayo eziyinhloko yilezi: amanzi (amaconsi amanzi acwebezelayo, inkungu yamanzi kanye nomhwamuko wamanzi ophuma kugesi), inkungu yamafutha agcobayo asele (amaconsi kawoyela ocwebezelayo kanye nomhwamuko wamafutha), ukungcola okuqinile (udaka oluqothulayo, impuphu yensimbi, izinhlawulo zerabha, izinhlayiya zetiyela kanye nezinto zokuhlunga, impuphu ecolekile yezinto zokuvala, njll.), ukungcola kwamakhemikhali okuyingozi kanye nokunye ukungcola.
Uwoyela wokugcoba owonakele uzolimaza irabha, ipulasitiki, nezinto zokuvala, okubangela ukungasebenzi kahle kwama-valve kanye nemikhiqizo engcolisayo. Umswakama nothuli kuzokwenza izingxenye zensimbi namapayipi agqwale futhi agqwale, okubangela ukuba izingxenye ezihambayo zibambeke noma ziguge, okubangela ukuba izingxenye zomoya zingasebenzi kahle noma zivuze umoya. Umswakama nothuli kuzovimba nezimbobo zokudonsa noma izikrini zokuhlunga. Ngemva kweqhwa kubangela ukuthi ipayipi liqine noma liqhekeke.
Ngenxa yekhwalithi yomoya engeyinhle, ukuthembeka nokuphila kwesevisi kohlelo lomoya kuncishisiwe kakhulu, futhi ukulahlekelwa okuvelayo kuvame ukudlula kakhulu izindleko zokulungisa kanye nezindleko zokulungisa idivayisi yokwelapha umthombo womoya, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ngempela ukukhetha kahle uhlelo lokwelapha umthombo womoya.
Yimiphi imithombo eyinhloko yomswakama emoyeni ocindezelwe?
Umthombo oyinhloko womswakama emoyeni ocindezelwe umhwamuko wamanzi omuncwa yi-air compressor kanye nomoya. Ngemva kokuba umoya omanzi ungene kwi-air compressor, inani elikhulu lomhwamuko wamanzi licindezelwa emanzini acwebezelayo ngesikhathi senqubo yokucindezela, okuzonciphisa kakhulu umswakama womoya ocindezelwe endaweni yokuphuma kwe-air compressor.
Isibonelo, lapho ingcindezi yesistimu ingu-0.7MPa futhi umswakama ohlobene womoya ophefumulayo ungama-80%, yize umphumela womoya ocindezelwe ovela ku-compressor yomoya ugcwele ngaphansi kwengcindezi, uma uguqulwa ube yisimo somfutho womoya ngaphambi kokucindezelwa, umswakama wawo ohlobene ungama-6 ~ 10% kuphela. Okusho ukuthi, okuqukethwe komswakama womoya ocindezelwe kuncishisiwe kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, njengoba izinga lokushisa lehla kancane kancane epayipini legesi kanye nemishini yegesi, inani elikhulu lamanzi lizoqhubeka nokujiya emoyeni ocindezelwe.
Ukungcola kukawoyela emoyeni ocindezelwe kubangelwa kanjani?
Uwoyela wokugcoba we-air compressor, umusi kawoyela kanye namaconsi kawoyela alenga emoyeni ozungezile kanye namafutha okugcoba ezingxenyeni zomoya ohlelweni kuyimithombo eyinhloko yokungcola kukawoyela emoyeni ocindezelwe.
Ngaphandle kwama-compressor omoya e-centrifugal kanye ne-diaphragm, cishe wonke ama-compressor omoya asetshenziswa njengamanje (kufaka phakathi ama-compressor omoya ahlukahlukene agcotshwe angenawo uwoyela) azoba namafutha angcolile kakhulu (amaconsi kawoyela, inkungu kawoyela, umhwamuko kawoyela kanye nokuqhekeka kwekhabhoni) epayipini legesi.
Ukushisa okuphezulu kwegumbi lokucindezela le-air compressor kuzobangela ukuthi cishe u-5% ~ 6% wamafutha ashise, aqhekeke futhi ancibilike, bese efakwa odongeni lwangaphakathi lwepayipi le-air compressor ngesimo sefilimu yekhabhoni ne-varnish, bese ingxenye yokukhanya izomiswa ngesimo somusi kanye ne-micro. Uhlobo lwezinto lulethwa ohlelweni ngomoya ocindezelweyo.
Ngamafuphi, ezinhlelweni ezingadingi izinto zokugcoba ngesikhathi sokusebenza, wonke amafutha nezinto zokugcoba ezixutshwe emoyeni ocindezelwe osetshenziswayo zingabhekwa njengezinto ezingcoliswe uwoyela. Ezinhlelweni ezidinga ukwengeza izinto zokugcoba ngesikhathi sokusebenza, wonke upende wokulwa nokugqwala kanye namafutha okucindezela aqukethwe emoyeni ocindezelwe kubhekwa njengokungcola kokungcola kowoyela.
Ukungcola okuqinile kungena kanjani emoyeni ocindezelwe?
Imithombo eyinhloko yokungcola okuqinile emoyeni ocindezelwe yile:
①Umkhathi ozungezile uxubene nokungcola okuhlukahlukene kobukhulu obuhlukene bezinhlayiya. Ngisho noma imbobo yokumunca i-compressor yomoya ifakwe isihlungi somoya, ngokuvamile ukungcola "kwe-aerosol" okungaphansi kwama-5 μm kungangena ku-compressor yomoya nomoya ophefumulayo, kuxutshwe namafutha namanzi epayipini lokukhipha umoya ngesikhathi senqubo yokucindezela.
②Uma i-air compressor isebenza, ukungqubuzana nokushayisana phakathi kwezingxenye ezahlukene, ukuguga nokuwa kwezivalo, kanye nokufakwa kwe-carbonization nokuqhekeka kwamafutha okugcoba ekushiseni okuphezulu kuzobangela ukuthi izinhlayiya eziqinile njengezinhlayiya zensimbi, uthuli lwerabha kanye nokuqhekeka kwe-carbonaceous kulethwe epayipini legesi.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-18-2023
