Iyini imishini yomthombo womoya? Yimiphi imishini ekhona?

Iyini imishini yomthombo womoya? Yimiphi imishini ekhona?

Imishini yomthombo womoya iyithuluzi lokukhiqiza umoya ocindezelwe - i-air compressor (i-air compressor). Kunezinhlobo eziningi zama-air compressor, ezivamile uhlobo lwe-piston, uhlobo lwe-centrifugal, uhlobo lwesikulufu, uhlobo lwe-sliding vane, uhlobo lokuskrola njalo njalo.
Umoya ocindezelwe ovela ku-compressor yomoya uqukethe inani elikhulu lokungcola okufana nomswakama, uwoyela nothuli. Imishini yokuhlanza kumele isetshenziswe ukususa kahle lokhu kungcola ukuze kugwenywe ukubangela umonakalo ekusebenzeni okuvamile kohlelo lomoya.

Imishini yokuhlanza umthombo womoya yigama elijwayelekile lemishini eminingi namadivayisi. Imishini yokuhlanza umthombo womoya ivame ukubizwa ngokuthi imishini yokucubungula ngemuva embonini, ngokuvamile ibhekisela kumathangi okugcina igesi, imishini yokomisa, izihlungi, njll.
● ithangi lomoya
Umsebenzi wethangi lokugcina igesi ukuqeda ukushaya kwengcindezi, ukuthembela ekunwetshweni kwe-adiabatic kanye nokupholisa kwemvelo ukuze kwehliswe izinga lokushisa, kuhlukaniswe umswakama namafutha emoyeni ocindezelwe, futhi kugcinwe inani elithile legesi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunganciphisa ukuphikisana kokuthi ukusetshenziswa komoya kukhulu kunomthamo womoya ophumayo we-air compressor ngesikhathi esifushane. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kungagcina umoya wesikhashana lapho i-air compressor yehluleka noma ugesi unqanyulwa, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwemishini yomoya.

●Umshini Wokomisa Umoya

I-dryer yomoya ecindezelwe, njengoba igama lisho, uhlobo lwemishini yokususa amanzi yomoya ocindezelwe. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zokomisa ezisetshenziswa kakhulu njenge-freezer kanye ne-adsorption dryers, kanye ne-deliquescent dryers kanye ne-polymer membrane dryers. I-refrigerated dryer iyimishini yokukhipha amanzi emoyeni ocindezelwe esetshenziswa kakhulu, futhi ivame ukusetshenziswa ngezikhathi ezinezidingo zekhwalithi yomthombo womoya ojwayelekile. I-dryer efrijini isebenzisa isici sokuthi ingcindezi encane yomhwamuko wamanzi emoyeni ocindezelwe inqunywa izinga lokushisa lomoya ocindezelwe ukuze yenze ukupholisa, ukuphelelwa amanzi kanye nokomisa. I-dryer yomoya ocindezelwe efrijini ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi “i-refrigerated dryers” embonini. Umsebenzi wayo oyinhloko ukunciphisa okuqukethwe kwamanzi emoyeni ocindezelwe, okungukuthi, ukunciphisa “izinga lokushisa lamazolo” lomoya ocindezelwe. Ohlelweni lomoya ocindezelwe olujwayelekile lwezimboni, ingenye yemishini edingekayo yokomisa nokuhlanzwa komoya ocindezelwe (okwaziwa nangokuthi i-post-processing).

Isimiso esiyisisekelo esingu-1

Umoya ocindezelwe ungafeza injongo yokususa umhwamuko wamanzi ngokucindezela, ukupholisa, ukumunca kanye nezinye izindlela. I-dryer yokuqandisa iyindlela yokupholisa. Siyazi ukuthi umoya ocindezelwe yi-air compressor uqukethe amagesi ahlukahlukene kanye nomhwamuko wamanzi, ngakho-ke ungumoya omanzi. Okuqukethwe komswakama womoya omanzi ngokuvamile kuhambelana nokucindezela, okungukuthi, uma ingcindezi iphakeme, kulapho okuqukethwe komswakama kuncipha khona. Ngemva kokwanda komfutho womoya, umhwamuko wamanzi emoyeni ongaphezu kokuqukethwe okungenzeka uzohlangana ube ngamanzi (okungukuthi, umthamo womoya ocindezelwe uba mncane futhi awukwazi ukubamba umhwamuko wamanzi wokuqala).

Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma kuqhathaniswa nomoya owawuphefumulwe ekuqaleni, okuqukethwe komswakama kuba kuncane (lapha kubhekisela ekubuyeni kwale ngxenye yomoya ocindezelwe esimweni esingacindezelwanga).

Kodwa-ke, ukukhishwa kwe-air compressor kusewumoya ocindezelwe, futhi okuqukethwe komhwamuko wamanzi kusesilinganisweni esiphezulu kakhulu, okungukuthi, kusesimweni esibucayi segesi noketshezi. Umoya ocindezelwe ngalesi sikhathi ubizwa ngokuthi isimo esigcwele, ngakho-ke uma nje ucindezelwe kancane, umhwamuko wamanzi uzoshintsha ngokushesha usuka esimweni segesi uye esimweni soketshezi, okungukuthi, amanzi azoncishiswa.

Uma sicabanga ukuthi umoya uyisiponji esimanzi esimunce amanzi, umswakama wawo ungamanzi amuncekayo. Uma amanzi athile ekhishwa esiponjini ngamandla, khona-ke umswakama wesiponji uyancipha. Uma uvumela isiponji ukuthi siphinde sivuke, ngokwemvelo sizoma kunesiponji sokuqala. Lokhu kufeza nenhloso yokususa amanzi nokomisa ngokucindezela.
Uma kungekho mandla engeziwe ngemva kokufinyelela amandla athile ngesikhathi senqubo yokucindezela isiponji, amanzi azoyeka ukucindezelwa, okuyisimo sokugcwala. Qhubeka wandisa amandla okucindezela, futhi kusekhona amanzi aphumayo.

Ngakho-ke, umzimba we-air compressor ngokwawo unomsebenzi wokukhipha amanzi, futhi indlela esetshenziswayo iwukucindezela, kodwa lokhu akuyona inhloso ye-air compressor, kodwa umthwalo "omubi".

Kungani "ukucindezela" kungasetshenziswa njengendlela yokukhipha amanzi emoyeni ocindezelwe? Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kuncishiswa umfutho, okwandisa umfutho nge-1 kg. Ukusebenzisa cishe u-7% wamandla akusetshenziswayo akubi kakhulu.

Ukususa amanzi “okupholisa” kuyonga kakhulu, futhi umshini wokomisa oqandisiwe usebenzisa isimiso esifanayo nokususa umswakama we-air conditioner ukuze kufezwe umgomo. Ngenxa yokuthi ubuningi bomusi wamanzi agcwele bunomkhawulo, ekucindezelweni kwe-aerodynamic (ububanzi be-2MPa), kungacatshangwa ukuthi ubuningi bomusi wamanzi emoyeni ogcwele buxhomeke kuphela ekushiseni futhi abuhlobene nokucindezela komoya.

Uma izinga lokushisa liphakeme, kuba likhulu ukuminyana komhwamuko wamanzi emoyeni ogcwele, futhi kuzoba namanzi amaningi. Ngokuphambene nalokho, uma izinga lokushisa liphansi, kuba ncane amanzi (lokhu kungaqondwa ngokuqonda okuvamile empilweni, ubusika buyomile futhi bubanda, ihlobo liyashisa futhi linomswakama).

Pholisa umoya ocindezelwe ufike ezingeni lokushisa eliphansi ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze unciphise ubuningi bomhwamuko wamanzi okuwo bese wenza “ukujiya”, uqoqe amaconsi amanzi amancane akhiwe ukujiya bese uwakhipha, ukuze ufeze injongo yokususa umswakama emoyeni ocindezelwe.

Ngenxa yokuthi kuhilela inqubo yokujiya nokujiya emanzini, izinga lokushisa alikwazi ukuba ngaphansi “kwephuzu lokuqandisa”, ngaphandle kwalokho isimo sokujiya ngeke sikhiphe amanzi ngempumelelo. Ngokuvamile “iphuzu lokushisa lokujiya lokucindezela” le-dryer dryer ngokuvamile liyi-2~10°C.

Isibonelo, “iphuzu lokucindezela” ku-10°C elingu-0.7MPa liguqulwa libe “iphuzu lokucindezela komoya” libe yi--16°C. Kungaqondakala ukuthi uma kusetshenziswa endaweni engaphansi kuka--16°C, ngeke kube namanzi ahlanzekile lapho umoya ocindezelwe ukhishwa emoyeni.

Zonke izindlela zokususa amanzi emoyeni ocindezelwe zomile kuphela, zihlangabezana nokoma okuthile. Akunakwenzeka ukususa umswakama ngokuphelele, futhi akulula kakhulu ukuqhubeka nokoma ngale kwezidingo zokusebenzisa.
2 isimiso sokusebenza

I-compressed air friji dryer ipholisa umoya ocindezelwe ukuze ihlanganise umhwamuko wamanzi emoyeni ocindezelwe ube amaconsi amanzi, ukuze kufezwe injongo yokunciphisa okuqukethwe komswakama emoyeni ocindezelwe.
Amaconsi ajiyile akhishwa emshinini ngohlelo lokukhipha amanzi oluzenzakalelayo. Uma nje izinga lokushisa elizungezile lepayipi elingezansi endaweni yokuphuma komshini wokomisa lingaphansi kwezinga lokushisa lamazolo endaweni yokuphuma komshini wokomisa, ukuminyana kwesibili ngeke kwenzeke.

3 umsebenzi

Inqubo yomoya ocindezelwe:
Umoya ocindezelwe ungena ku-air heat exchanger (preheater) [1], oqala ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa lomoya ocindezelwe okushisa okuphezulu, bese ungena ku-Freon/air heat exchanger (evaporator) [2], lapho umoya ocindezelwe uphola khona ngokushesha okukhulu, wehlisa izinga lokushisa libe yi-dew point point, bese amanzi ahlukene aketshezi nomoya ocindezelwe ahlukaniswa ku-water separator [3], bese amanzi ahlukene akhishwa emshinini ngedivayisi yokukhipha amanzi ezenzakalelayo.

Umoya ocindezelwe kanye nokushisa okuphansi kwesiqandisi okushisayo ku-evaporator [2]. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinga lokushisa lomoya ocindezelwe liphansi kakhulu, cishe lilingana nokushisa kwamazolo angu-2 ~ 10°C. Uma kungekho mfuneko ekhethekile (okungukuthi, akukho mfuneko yokushisa okuphansi komoya ocindezelwe), ngokuvamile umoya ocindezelwe uzobuyela ku-air heat exchanger (preheater) [1] ukuze ushintshanise ukushisa nomoya ocindezelwe okushisa okuphezulu osanda kungena ku-cold dryer. Inhloso yokwenza lokhu:

① Sebenzisa ngempumelelo "ukupholisa okulahliwe" komoya ocindezelwe owomile ukuze upholise umoya ocindezelwe oshisa kakhulu osanda kungena emshinini wokomisa obandayo, ukuze unciphise umthwalo wokuqandisa wemshini wokomisa obandayo;

② Vimbela izinkinga zesibili njengokuminyana, ukuconsa, kanye nokugqwala ngaphandle kwepayipi elingemuva okubangelwa umoya ocindezelwe omile onezinga lokushisa eliphansi.

Inqubo yokuqandisa:

I-refrigerant freon ingena kwi-compressor [4], futhi ngemva kokucindezelwa, ingcindezi iyanda (futhi izinga lokushisa nalo liyakhuphuka), futhi uma iphakeme kancane kunengcindezi eku-condenser, umhwamuko we-refrigerant ocindezelwe kakhulu ukhishwa ungene kwi-condenser [6]. Ku-condenser, umhwamuko we-refrigerant ekushiseni okuphezulu kanye nengcindezi ushintshana ngokushisa nomoya ekushiseni okuphansi (ukupholisa umoya) noma amanzi okupholisa (ukupholisa amanzi), ngaleyo ndlela ufinyeza i-refrigerant Freon ibe yisimo soketshezi.

Ngalesi sikhathi, i-refrigerant ewuketshezi ingena ku-Freon/air heat exchanger (evaporator) [2] nge-capillary tube/expansion valve [8] ukuze inciphise ukucindezeleka (ipholise) futhi imunce ukushisa komoya ocindezelwe ku-evaporator ukuze ipholiswe. Into okufanele ipholiswe - umoya ocindezelwe uyapholiswa, futhi umusi we-refrigerant ocindezelwe uyadonswa yi-compressor ukuze kuqalwe umjikelezo olandelayo.

Isiqandisi siqeda umjikelezo ngezinqubo ezine zokucindezela, ukujiya, ukunwebeka (ukugoqa), kanye nokuhwamuka ohlelweni. Ngemijikelezo eqhubekayo yesiqandisi, injongo yokuqandisa umoya ocindezelwe iyafezwa.
4 Imisebenzi yengxenye ngayinye
umshini wokushintshanisa ukushisa komoya
Ukuze kuvinjelwe ukuthi amanzi ahlanganisiwe angakheki odongeni lwangaphandle lombhobho wangaphandle, umoya owomile oqandisiwe ushiya i-evaporator bese ushintshanisa ukushisa futhi nomoya ocindezelwe oshisa kakhulu, oshisayo nonomswakama ku-heat exchanger yomoya. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, izinga lokushisa lomoya ongena ku-evaporator liyancipha kakhulu.

ukushintshanisa ukushisa
I-refrigerant imunca ukushisa futhi inwebeke ku-evaporator, ishintsha kusuka esimweni soketshezi iye esimweni segesi, bese umoya ocindezelwe upholiswa ukushintshana kokushisa, ukuze umhwamuko wamanzi emoyeni ocindezelwe ushintshe kusuka esimweni segesi uye esimweni soketshezi.

isihlukanisi samanzi
Amanzi aketshezi aqhekekile ahlukaniswa nomoya ocindezelwe ku-water separator. Uma ukusebenza kahle kokuhlukanisa kwe-water separator kuphakeme, kulapho inani lamanzi aketshezi liphinde liguqukele emoyeni ocindezelwe lincipha, futhi kulapho iphuzu lokucindezela lomoya ocindezelwe lincipha khona.

i-compressor
Isiqandisi segesi singena kwi-compressor yesiqandisi bese sicindezelwa ukuze sibe yi-refrigerant yegesi eshisa kakhulu futhi enomfutho ophezulu.

i-valve yokudlula
Uma izinga lokushisa lamanzi acwebezelayo lehla ngaphansi kwephuzu lokubanda, iqhwa eligobile lizobangela ukuvaleka kweqhwa. I-valve ye-bypass ingalawula izinga lokushisa lokubanda futhi ilawule iphuzu lokucindezela kwamazolo ekushiseni okuzinzile (phakathi kuka-1 no-6°C)

i-condenser

I-condenser yehlisa izinga lokushisa le-refrigerant, bese i-refrigerant ishintsha isuka esimweni segesi esishisa kakhulu iye esimweni soketshezi esishisa kakhulu.

isihlungi
Isihlungi sihlunga ngempumelelo ukungcola kwesiqandisi.

I-Capillary/I-Expansion Valve
Ngemva kokuba i-refrigerant idlule nge-capillary tube/expansion valve, ivolumu yayo iyakhula, izinga lokushisa layo liyehla, bese iba uketshezi oluphansi lokushisa, olunengcindezi ephansi.

Isihlukanisi segesi noketshezi
Njengoba i-liquid refrigerant engena kwi-compressor izobangela ukushaqeka koketshezi, okungase kubangele umonakalo kwi-refrigerant compressor, i-refrigerant gas-liquid separator iqinisekisa ukuthi i-refrigerant yegesi kuphela engangena kwi-refrigerant compressor.

ukudonsa amanzi okuzenzakalelayo
Umsele ozenzakalelayo ukhipha amanzi agelezayo aqongelelwe phansi kwesihlukanisi aphume emshinini ngezikhathi ezithile.

umshini wokomisa

Isomisi esiqandisiwe sinezinzuzo zesakhiwo esincane, ukusetshenziswa okulula nokugcinwa, kanye nezindleko eziphansi zokugcinwa. Sifaneleka ngezikhathi lapho izinga lokushisa lamazolo lomfutho womoya ocindezelwe lingekho phansi kakhulu (ngaphezu kuka-0°C).
I-dryer yokumunca isebenzisa i-desiccant ukususa umswakama nokomisa umoya ocindezelwe ophoqelekile ukuthi ugeleze. I-dryer yokumunca evuselelayo ivame ukusetshenziswa nsuku zonke.
● isihlungi
Izihlungi zihlukaniswe ngezihlungi ezinkulu zamapayipi, izihlukanisi zamanzi negesi, izihlungi zokususa iphunga le-carbon esebenzayo, izihlungi zokubulala amagciwane ngomusi, njll., futhi imisebenzi yazo iwukususa uwoyela, uthuli, umswakama kanye nokunye ukungcola emoyeni ukuze kutholakale umoya ohlanzekile ocindezelwe. Umoya.